An Appraisal of Hand Hygiene Practices Among Healthcare Workers in Borno State
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Background of the Study
Hand hygiene is one of the most effective measures to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and ensure patient safety. In Borno State, healthcare workers face high patient loads and challenging working conditions, making adherence to hand hygiene protocols critical. Despite the simplicity of handwashing, compliance rates among healthcare workers often fall short due to factors such as inadequate facilities, time constraints, and insufficient training. Research has consistently shown that improved hand hygiene practices significantly reduce the transmission of pathogens and the incidence of HAIs (Musa, 2023; Abdullahi, 2024). In resource-constrained settings like Borno State, where infection control is paramount, ensuring high compliance is essential for protecting both patients and healthcare workers. This study will evaluate the current hand hygiene practices among healthcare workers, explore barriers to compliance, and assess the overall impact on patient outcomes. Data will be gathered through direct observations, self-administered questionnaires, and interviews with hospital staff, enabling a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Despite recognition of its importance, hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers in Borno State remains suboptimal. Many healthcare facilities report persistent challenges in maintaining effective handwashing practices, which contributes to a higher incidence of hospital-acquired infections. Factors such as insufficient handwashing stations, lack of proper supplies, time pressures, and limited ongoing training are frequently cited. The resulting spread of infections not only endangers patients but also strains the already limited healthcare resources in the region. The absence of systematic evaluations of hand hygiene practices further impedes targeted interventions. This study aims to address these issues by assessing the current state of hand hygiene, identifying critical barriers, and proposing evidence-based strategies to improve compliance and reduce infection rates.
Objectives of the Study
1. To evaluate the current hand hygiene practices among healthcare workers in Borno State.
2. To identify barriers to proper hand hygiene adherence.
3. To recommend interventions for improving hand hygiene compliance.
Research Questions
1. What are the prevailing hand hygiene practices among healthcare workers in Borno State?
2. What factors hinder effective hand hygiene in healthcare settings?
3. What interventions can improve hand hygiene compliance?
Research Hypotheses
1. Inadequate availability of hand hygiene resources is significantly associated with lower compliance.
2. Healthcare workers with regular training exhibit higher hand hygiene compliance.
3. Enhanced infrastructure and educational initiatives will improve hand hygiene practices.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will target public hospitals and clinics in urban and peri-urban areas of Borno State. Data will be collected through observations, surveys, and interviews. Limitations include observer bias and variability in facility conditions.
Definitions of Terms
• Hand Hygiene: Practices aimed at cleaning hands to remove pathogens, including handwashing and the use of sanitizers.
• Healthcare Workers: Professionals involved in patient care, such as doctors, nurses, and support staff.
• Compliance: The extent to which healthcare workers adhere to recommended hand hygiene protocols.
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